This article describes two file formats that use the ARW file extension, and explains how to open and convert both types.
What is an ARW file? – Photography PX
The ARW file extension stands for Sony Alpha Raw, which means that the file is a Sony raw image. It is based on the TIF file format and is similar to other raw files from Sony cameras, such as SR2 and SRF files.
A RAW image format means that the file has not been compressed or manipulated in any way. The file is in the same RAW form as when the camera first captured it.
Although the Sony file type is more common, an ARW file can also be an ArtStudio image.