If you're planning on changing your character's appearance in Final Fantasy 14, you might want to wait until Dawntrail's release. According to today's Live Letter, Fantasia potions are getting a major overhaul starting in version 7.0.
Final Fantasy XIV Online Dawntrail Graphics Update Comparison
Currently, the Appearance-Changing Potion is a one-time consumable that allows you to re-enter the character creation screen for your existing character. Changes cannot be reverted after you confirm and exit the customization screen, and the only way to apply further changes is to use a second Fantasia.
In today's Letter from the Producer LIVE, Final Fantasy 14 director and producers Naoki Yoshida and Toshiro Murouchi announced that starting with the release of Dawntrail, Fantasias will instead feature a 60-minute window in which you can customize and modify your character's appearance at will. The timer begins upon using Fantasia and cannot be extended, and players will have unlimited access to the character creation screen within the 60-minute duration.
This was announced in conjunction with the ongoing rework of the official benchmark to incorporate player feedback. Apparently, the notoriously terrible lighting in the default character creator will finally be fixed to show more consistent conditions. The Fantasia duration window is intended to give players more freedom in previewing their characters in different locations and different conditions within the game world itself before choosing a new look.