Venom Glands are the sources of Palworld, used in some technologies and weapons. Among these weapons, Poison Bow and Arrow are crafted in Primitive Workbench. They have decent damage and durability, which makes them suitable to defeat the enemies from a distance in the early game. The poison attack weakens the Pals and helps you catch them faster.
FASTEST way to get VENUM GLANDS in Palworld: BEST METHOD | Palworld Guides
This is useful if you're trying to get your first Flying Mount, especially if you're using the 280 damage Poison Arrow Crossbow. After that, you'll need it for items like Killamari's Gloves and Shadowbeak Saddle, so it's best to save those methods and use them when needed.
Poison Glands can be obtained in three ways: from certain Pals, through purchase, and random chests. As the name suggests, these are drops from the poisonous opponent, who should not be messed with unless you have a decent amount of HP. Once you are affected by them, you will not be able to recover health for a while.
However, not all Pals that give you the items are difficult to deal with. They can be found in the early to late game stages; sometimes in a dungeon, and sometimes peacefully wandering around their habitat. That being said, here are the enemies that drop Venom Glands: