Windows 11 installs USB 3.0 drivers by default. BUT, if USB 3.0 devices are not working, these drivers may be missing or corrupt. A fresh driver installation should fix the problem.
How to Install USB 3.0 Drivers on Windows 10 and 11
To use Device Manager to install USB 3.0 drivers, follow these steps:
Open Device Manager. One way is to search for it via the Start menu.
Expand the Universal Serial Bus controllers category by selecting the arrow next to it.