This article explains how to pair an Echo Dot using Bluetooth. You'll also find instructions for putting a Dot into pairing mode and then pairing it with a phone or Bluetooth speaker.
How to Set Up Your Echo Dot 3rd Gen | Amazon Echo
You can pair the Amazon Echo Dot via Bluetooth with phones, computers, tablets, and other devices that have the ability to connect to a Bluetooth speaker. When paired this way, the Echo Dot will act as a wireless Bluetooth speaker for your phone or other devices. This feature is useful if you have a music streaming service you want to listen to on your Echo Dot, but Alexa doesn't support it.
In addition to acting as a wireless speaker for other devices, you can also pair an Amazon Echo Dot with another Bluetooth speaker. When you pair it this way, the Echo will send its audio output to the other speaker over Bluetooth, bypassing its built-in speaker. This is useful if you have a Bluetooth speaker that sounds better than the Echo’s built-in speaker.
Regardless of which connection type you want to use, the process is similar. You’ll need to put both the Echo Dot and the other device into pairing mode, then connect using the Alexa app on your phone.