This article explains how to search your emails using the Mail app or by asking Siri on your iPhone. You can search your emails regardless of what version of iOS or device model you have, though the information in this article pertains to iOS 14 and earlier.
Searching for email on iPhone
If you're using iOS 7 through iOS 14, the process is simple.
Open the Mailboxes screen in the Mail app. To get there, tap the arrow at the top left of the app until you find the list of email providers you have set up.
Select All Inboxes at the top if you want to search all of your mailboxes at once. You can also select one of the email accounts in the list to limit the search to that account.