This article explains how to add equations to Google Docs in a web browser. You cannot edit or create equations in the Docs app.
How to Type Math in Google Docs with the Equation Editor
Writing equations in Google Docs is easy with the built-in equation toolbar. Teachers can use it when creating worksheets, and students have all the symbols they need to show their work.
You can write Greek letters like pi and mu, relationships like inequalities and the 'not equal' sign, arrows, and symbols like division, integral, square root, union, and sum.
Go to Insert > Equation.