The Formula Bar is a toolbar that appears at the top of Microsoft Excel and Google Sheets spreadsheets; it is sometimes called the fx bar because that shortcut is next to it. You use the Formula Bar to enter a new formula or copy an existing formula; its uses also include viewing and editing formulas. The Formula Bar displays the following:
How to Enter a Function Formula in Google Sheets | Formula Bar | Google Sheets Spreadsheet
Because the Formula Bar displays formulas that are contained in cells rather than the formula results, it is easy to find which cells contain formulas by simply clicking them. The Formula Bar also shows the full value for numbers that have been formatted to display fewer decimal places in a cell.
The Formula Bar can also be used to edit formulas or other data in the active cell by clicking the data in the Formula Bar with the cursor. It can also be used to change the ranges for individual data series selected in an Excel chart.
When working with long data entries or complex formulas, you can expand the formula bar in Excel to spread the data across multiple lines. You can't expand the formula bar in Google Sheets.